Short History of Jazz

Jazz is sometimes referred to as "America's classicalUnlike previous forms of jazz, Be bop was not
music". It has become a diverse genre with its roots indesigned for dancing but was seen more like an
native American and African music; in particular, theopportunity to showcase the musical expertise of the
blues, spirituals and rag time. Jazz first became aperformers. Some of the great be bop recordings
defined music form in the early 1920 springing from thecame about as the performers played off each other,
US cities of New Orleans and later Chicago. Earlyeach striving for greater excellence and improvisation.
Jazz was characterized by traditional rhythms andOne of the greatest recordings of this period was
melodies being taken and improvised upon, giving a"Jazz at Masey Hall" 1953 featuring Dizzy Gillespie and
combination of swing and syncopation. Early JazzCharlie Parker amongst others, it is a very good
performers of note included Jelly Roll Morton, Fatsexample of live jazz music. In the 1960s Be bop
Domino, Bix Beiderbecke and Louis Armstrong. A goodevolved into a form of "free jazz" with little if any
taste of this period can be gained by listening toadherence to conventional harmonies and chord
recordings of Louis Armstrong's Hot Fives and Hotstructures. One of the best selling jazz recordings
Seven ensembles.which characterized this new form was "A Kind of
By the 1930 Jazz had spread out of its local bases inBlue" by Miles Davis.
South American and became more mainstreamAlas many of the great jazz performers led tragic
attracting white musicians as well. One development oflives, a seemingly very high percentage died
Jazz was the big bands such as Ben Goodman andprematurely, inevitably from drug and alcohol misuse.
Glen Miller. Glen Millers big band became veryUnfortunately many young performers came to
successful and popular, but offering little scope forassociate drugs with being a successful jazz
improvisation jazz aficionados saw it as more ofperformer so jazz developed a strong reputation for
swing rather than real jazz. However other big bandsassociation with narcotics.
such as Duke Ellington and Count Basie providedTo play Jazz music successfully a classical
some of the all time great Jazz recordings.background is definitely an advantage. To be a
Whilst the Big Band led jazz in a more conventionalsuccessful jazz player you need to be able to learn
direction. The late 1930s and 1940s also saw jazzthe chords and scales of the song. With this basic
develop in another direction through the creation of thestructure you can then improvise around these chords
new "Be Bop" craze. Be Bop is epitomized by theto give the improvised or jazz effect. However to be
great musicians such as Charlie "Bird" Parker, Dizzya great jazz musician a lot more is needed than formal
Gillespie, and Sonny Rollins. These musicians took Jazztraining, successful improvisation is a difficult skill that
to new heights of improvisation, loosening theappears to come easily to a rare few.
adherence to harmony's and rigid chord structures.