| Key signatures are a type of musical notation that | | | | as it relates to the key signatures, rules that go beyond |
| indicate which key the song is to be played in. | | | | rote memorization. If there is more than one flat, the |
| But key signatures, despite the name, are not the | | | | key is the note on the second to last flat. If there are |
| same thing as key. Key signatures are simply | | | | any sharps at all, the key is a half step up from the |
| notational devices; just as a note is the notational name | | | | last one noted. F major, a key frequently found in |
| for a pitch, key signatures are the notational names for | | | | beginning sheet music, only has one flat (B), and C |
| keys. It is what it says it is: a signature, a simple piece | | | | major has no sharps or flats at all. Key signatures, |
| of information that tips you off to the physical form | | | | when viewed in light of these rules, are much easier |
| (the key) to be played. | | | | for beginners to digest, ensuring that a proper |
| What does it mean to be "in the key of F", or "in the | | | | knowledge of key signatures is on its way through the |
| key of Bb"? | | | | door. |
| It means that the composer based the composition on | | | | One fact that most people don't realize is that sharps |
| the scale of F (which has 1 flat in it), or the scale of Bb | | | | and flats always occur in the same order: |
| (which has 2 flats in it). | | | | The order of the flats is B, E, A, D, G, C, F. |
| Key signatures appear right after the clef (before the | | | | The order of the sharps is just the opposite -- F, C, G, |
| time signature) and show a sharp or flat on the line or | | | | D, A, E, B. |
| space corresponding to the note to be altered. Key | | | | So if there is one flat in the key signature, it is always |
| signatures placed at the beginning of songs will carry | | | | B. If there are two flats in the key signature, they are |
| through the entire song, unless other key signatures | | | | always B and E. Three flats are always B, E, and A. |
| are noted after a double bar, canceling out the first. | | | | Four flats in a key signature spell the word BEAD. And |
| For instance, it's entirely possible to start a song in the | | | | so on. |
| key of F but end it in the key of E flat; it all depends on | | | | It's the same in sharps, too, except backward. If there |
| the key signatures and where they're placed | | | | is one sharp in a key signature, it is always F. Two |
| throughout the song (a key signature can change at | | | | sharps in a key signature are always F and C. Three |
| any point). Accidentals can also show up throughout a | | | | are F, C, and G. And so on. So once you have |
| song and only once or twice flatten or sharpen a note | | | | memorized the order of the flats, all you have to do is |
| that was not previously indicated; this cancels out the | | | | apply the rule mentioned earlier: the next to the last flat |
| key signatures, as well, but only temporarily, for as long | | | | is the name of the key. For example, if you have four |
| as the accidental lasts. | | | | flats in a key signature, they are Bb, Eb, Ab, Db. The |
| Beginners just learning to read music often have a | | | | last flat is D, so the next to the last flat is A. So the |
| hard time with key signatures because the key itself is | | | | key is Ab. |
| not expressly written, and it's sometimes difficult to | | | | With sharps, just mentally go up 1/2 step from the last |
| remember what goes where. Key signatures with five | | | | sharp, and that is the key. For example, if a key has 4 |
| flats or sharps have been known to terrorize new | | | | sharps, they are F#, C#, G#, D#. One-half step above |
| musicians -- how in the world, they think, are we | | | | D# is E, so the key is E. |
| supposed to remember all these note changes while | | | | So there you have it. Memorize the order of the flats |
| we're playing the song? | | | | and sharps and those two simple rules, and you'll be |
| It's obviously possible, though, and there are some rules | | | | able to identify what major key any song is in quickly |
| that can help beginners identify and remember the key | | | | and easily. |