Blues Guitar - A Brief History

In the 1920's and 1930's, blues guitar players like BlindBlues style. T-Bone Walker was born in Dallas, while
Lemon Jefferson, Son House, Robert Johnson, andHooker was born in Mississippi. The California Blues
Lonnie Johnson were the influential performers of theStyle that they helped to forge was smoother than the
day. They used a slide which was often made out ofChicago Blues and is somewhat of a melting pot for
a knife blade or the broken or sawed off neck from aChicago Blues, jump blues, and some jazz swing.
bottle. Most of the music was improvised, andStarting in the 1960's, Caucasian audiences gained
unaccompanied. The form of the songs were loose,more interest in blues guitar thanks in part to the Paul
and were rarely, if ever, played the same way twice.Butterfield Blues Band and what was later to be called
As the 1940's came, the jump blues stylethe British Blues Movement. Bands such as Fleetwood
characterized by big band music sequestered theMac, Cream, John Mayall and the Bluesbreakers, the
guitar to the rhythm section primarily. The primaryRolling Stone, and the Yardbirds were performing
influence of this era on blues guitar is that it heavilyclassic blues tunes in addition to their original tunes.
influenced the development of what would later beMany of these artists inspired American blues-rock
known as rock and roll, or rhythm and blues.artists like Janis Joplin, Jimmy Hendrix, and Johnny
After World War II in the 1950's, blues guitar becameWinter.
electrified and amplified. Starting in Chicago, this newMeanwhile, in Chicago, Albert King, Buddy Guy, and
electric blues was characterized by the sounds ofLuther Allison where creating what is called the West
Howlin' Wolf, Muddy Waters, and Jimmy Reed. All ofSide style of Chicago Blues. Their bands were
these players grew up in Mississippi, but migrated todominated by the amplified electric blues guitar and
Chicago. The bands typically had, in addition to theheavily influenced later artists such as Stevie Ray
electric guitar, harmonica and a rhythm section of bassVaughan, Johnny Lang, and Kenny Wayne Shepherd.
and drums. Sometimes there would also be aSince the early 1980's, the blues has enjoyed quite a
saxophone, though it would be relegated to a rhythmicresurgence in America. The Texas Rock-Blues Style
support role.of Stevie Ray Vaughan and The Fabulous
B.B. King and Freddie King were also making namesThunderbirds brought the blues to American rock radio
for themselves at this time. They were somewhatstations. Eric Clapton, who originally gained his fame
unique at the time because they did not make use ofwith Cream and John Mayall, continues to make great
the slide to play the guitar. B.B. King has long beenblues guitar albums and even recently recorded a set
considered one of the greatest blues guitar players ofof old Robert Johnson classics. Many famous,
all time. Freddie King has often been called the King oflegendary blues guitar players such as Buddy Guy and
the Boogie Woogie guitar.B.B. King continue to share the stage with the new
While Chicago had it's own sound in the 1950's, somegeneration of blues guitar players like Robert Cray, Joe
other artists such as T-Bone Walker and John LeeBonamassa, and Walter Trout.
Hooker were creating what some call the California